摘要： 在经历快速的人口结构转变之后,G20作为一个整体早已进入老龄化社会。由于G20囊括了不同发展水平国家,其人口变化形态以及人口—经济关系格局错综复杂,跨国差异和阶段特征明显。人口变化直接映射到劳动力市场格局变化,各国劳动参与率普遍存在“倒U型”生命周期特征,在这一过程中,老龄化是导致劳动力参与率下降的重要原因。因此,“银发浪潮”将是倒逼各国劳动力市场结构性调整的深处肇因。
中图分类号:
| 〔1〕D.E.Bloom,J.G.Williamson,“Demographic Transitions and Economic Miracles in EmergingAsia,”World Bank Economic Review,vol.12(1998),pp.419-455. 〔2〕R.A.Braun,D.Ikeda,D.H.Joines,“The Saving Rate in Japan:Why it Has Fallen and Why it Will Remain Low,”International Economic Review,vol.50(2009),pp.291-321;J.Kotkin,“America’s Baby Bust:How the Great Recession Has Jeopardized Our Demographic Health,”2012-12-8.www.forbes.com,2015-1-2. 〔3〕童玉芬:《人口老龄化过程中我国劳动力供给变化特点及面临的挑战》,《人口研究》2014年第2期。 〔4〕W.V.Zandweghe,“Interpreting the Recent Decline in Labor Force Participation,”Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City,2012-10-8,www.KansasCityFed.org,2014-12-11. 〔5〕D.Aaronson,J.Davis,L.Hu,“Explaining the Decline in the U.S.Labor Force Participation Rate,”Chicago Fed Letter,vol.8(2012). 〔6〕F.C.Pampel,“Economic Development and Female Labor Force Participation:A Reconsideration,”Social Forces,vol.64(1986),pp.599-619;C.Goldin,“The U-Shaped Female Labor Force Participation in Economic Development and Economic History,”NBER Working Paper(1994),no.4707. 〔7〕D.Greenaway,R.C.Hine,P.Wright,“An Empirical Assessment of the Impact of Trade on Employment in the United Kingdom,”European Journal of Political Economy,vol.15(1999),pp.485-500;A.Revenga,“Employment and Wage Effects of Trade Liberalization:The Case of Mexican Manufacturing,”Journal of Labor Economics,vol.15(1997),pp.S20-S43. 〔8〕Sauré,Philip,H.Zoabi,“Effects of Trade on Female Labor Force Partici Pation,” Swiss National Bank,Working Paper 2009-2012. 〔9〕Gaddis,I.Pieters,Janneke,“Trade Liberalization and Female Labor Force Participation:Evidence from Brazil,” IZA Discussion Papers,no.6809(2012). 〔10〕W.G.Bowen,T.A.finegan,“Educational Attainment and Labor Force Participation,” The American Economic Review,vol.56(1966),pp.567-582. 〔11〕R.Euwals,M.Knoef,D.Vuuren,“The Trend in Female Labour Force Participation:What Can be Expected for the Future,” Empirical Economics,vol.40(2011) ,pp.729-753. 〔12〕顾和军、刘云平:《教育和培训对中国城镇劳动力就业的影响——基于CLHLS数据的经验研究》,《人口与经济》2013年第1期。 〔13〕D.A.Aschauer,“Is Public Expenditure Productive,” Journal of Monetary Economics,vol.23(1989),pp.177-200. 〔14〕C.Kamps,“The Dynamic Effects of Public Capital:VAR Evidence for 22 OECD Countries”,International Tax and Public Finance,vol.12(2005),pp.533-558. 〔15〕张光南、李小瑛、陈广汉:《中国基础设施的就业、产出和投资效应——基于1998—2006年省际工业企业面板数据研究》,《管理世界》2010年第4期。 〔16〕雅各布·明赛尔:《劳动供给研究》,北京:中国经济出版社,2001年,第73-76页。 〔17〕M.J.Bailey,“More Power to the Pill:The Impact of Contraceptive Freedom on Women’s Life Cycle Labor Supply,”Quarterly Journal of Economics,vol.121(2006),pp.289-320. 〔18〕D.Canning,“The Impact of Aging on Asiandevelopment,”Seminar on Aging Asia,A New Challenge for the Region,Kyoto,Japan,May 2007. 〔19〕X.He,R.Zhu,“Fertility and Female Labor Force Participation:Casual Evidence from Urban China,” MPRA Paper,no.44552(2013). |
| No related articles found! |
|